Tanglewood - 1115 Words

HR594- Strategic Staffing Tanglewood Case 6 January 27, 2011 Tanglewood, founded in 1975, has undergone rapid growth over the years. The rapid growth, however, has caused issues across the organization. Each store manager has their way of doing things when it comes to running the store. Because of the differing of attitudes across stores and the unstructured staffing process, Tanglewood has experienced significant turnover and financial loss. Tanglewood primarily hires internally because they feel â€Å"individuals who are promoted from within the organization to the department manager level are typically viewed by other employees as very qualified and integrated into the corporate culture and mission of Tanglewood (41).† Tanglewood†¦show more content†¦| Inform her that you are currently dealing with a customer and that you would be with them momentarily. In the meantime you call an available associate to assist her. | 3 | 2 | 6 | Question 3 (KSAO 9)When completing the daily count for the department, you notice one of y our team members register has come up short on several occasions. How would you manage this situation? | I would say nothing and add the difference myself | I would address the team members and ask were there any funds unaccounted for | I would run a report on the register for the employee numbers, recount the money and speak to the individual about the situation and perhaps address the entire team if necessary. | 3 | 2 | 6 | Question 4 (KSAO 5)Describe your previous employment experience in the retail industry. | Fails to give adequate information of previous experience. | Gives a brief account of his history, but no details. | Gives detail about past experiences, issues that arised, how he handled them, and the outcome. | 2 | 2 | 4 | Question 5How did you go above and beyond the call of duty when dealing with a customer? | Never did more than he was supposed to do | Provide some details, but doesn’t give a complete scenario | Uses the STAR and gives an example, how he res ponded, and what was the result. | 2 | 2 | 4 | Question 6 (KSAO 8)You are asked to send a memo to corporate in response to customer service complaints to your particular store? You |Show MoreRelatedTanglewood Case21239 Words   |  5 Pagesdemands for the retail industry, and studying environmental factors affecting those demands, I have combined historical statistical data, the mission of the company, and EEO requirements to obtain a recommendation for future hiring strategies for Tanglewood. I have attached the results of my study, which will provide your company with detailed statistics and suggestions to meet your hiring goals, while still maintaining the company’s original culture. Please contact me with any questions regardingRead Moretanglewood case10700 Words   |  43 Pagesï » ¿ ââ€"  TANGLEWOOD CASEBOOK for use with STAFFING ORGANIZATIONS ââ€"  ââ€"  7th Ed. Kammeyer-Mueller TANGLEWOOD CASEBOOK To accompany Staffing Organizations, seventh edition, 2012. Prepared by John Kammeyer-Mueller Warrington College of Business University of Florida Gainesville, Florida Telephone: 352-392-0108 E-mail: kammeyjd@ufl.edu Copyright  ©2012 Mendota House, Inc. Herbert G. Heneman III President Telephone: 608-233-4417 Read MoreTanglewood Casebook19453 Words   |  78 Pagesââ€"  TANGLEWOOD CASEBOOK for use with STAFFING ORGANIZATIONS ââ€"  ââ€"  6th Ed. Kammeyer-Mueller | | TANGLEWOOD CASEBOOK To accompany Staffing Organizations, sixth edition, 2009. Prepared by John Kammeyer-Mueller Warrington College of Business University of Florida Gainesville, Florida Telephone: 352-392-0108 E-mail: kammeyjd@ufl.edu Copyright  ©2009 Mendota House, Inc. Herbert G. Heneman III President Telephone: 608-233-4417 E-mail: hheneman@bus.wisc.edu |INTRODUCTIONRead MoreTanglewood casebook1172 Words   |  5 Pagesaddressed.) 6) The targeted method would be aiming at a specific group of candidates. They may say that they are searching for a candidate with some completed college coursework and customer service experience looking to work as a store associate at Tanglewood. It also should state that if the associate seems promising they may be put on the fast track to management if they desire. The realistic method gives a real view of what the job would entail. It may say something like dealing with day to dayRead MoreTanglewood Case 11253 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscuss the Human Resource functions of Tanglewood Stores. The paper will discuss the staffing strategies required by Tanglewood in order to maintain its corporate culture and niche market while remaining competitive. The paper suggests strategic staffing decisions regarding the nine staffing levels and four factors of staffing quality. Acquire or Develop Talent According to the text, if Tanglewood wants to achieve a full acquisition strategy then Tanglewood is going to have to acquire new talentRead MoreTanglewood Case 1726 Words   |  3 PagesTANGLEWOOD STORIES AND STAFFING STRATEGY STAFFING STRATEGY Staffing Levels Acquire or Develop Talent * Acquire internally, because Tanglewoods success is due entirely to its strong culture. * By acquiring external talents, Tanglewood would safe on the development costs, however, they would not be aware of Tanglewood’s culture. * Internal staff would have already integrated with the company’s culture and hence will inculcate a sense of belonging in the company, leading to higherRead MoreTANGLEWOOD CASE1177 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Staffing Organizations Management 364 Tanglewood Case 6 Question 1: Major KSAO Category Necessary for Selection. Key: 1 – Y/N Yes or No 2 – EDC Education 3 – EXC Experience 4 – MAE Marshfield Applicant Exam 5 – RKT Retail Knowledge Test MAJOR KSAO CATEGORY Y/N EDC EXC MAE RKT Communication/Speaking Skill Y X X - - Knowledge of Organizational Policies Regulations N - - - - Skill in Judgment and Decision Making Y - - X - Skill in Managing Personnel Resources Read MoreTanglewood 3 Essay1645 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Tanglewood Case Study 3: Recruiting 1. Recruitment Guide for Store Associates Position: Store Associate Reports to: Shift Leaders, Department Managers, Store Manager, and Regional Manager Qualifications: All are welcome to apply *Having a basic knowledge of retail and customer service principles is a plus Relevant labor market: Washington and Oregon Timeline: None- continuous recruiting Activities to undertake to source well-qualified candidates: Local newspapers, radio, television Read MoreTanglewood Case 31391 Words   |  6 Pages HRM 301-F1WW Tanglewood Case 3 October 19, 2014 Recruitment Guide Position:Multiple Positions Reports to:Store Manager, Sales Manager Qualifications:High School Diploma or GED Relevant labor Market:Western Washington, Eastern Washington, Northern Oregon and Southern Oregon Timeline: Conducting interviews with qualified applicants until all positions are filled Activities to undertake to source well-qualified candidates Employee referrals Local organizations Job Services Media Advertising Read MoreTanglewood Case 31037 Words   |  5 PagesTanglewood Case 3 Case Description/Introduction I will analyzed the information from the recruiting data and will prepare a report with the best recruiting strategy to fill up a job vacancy for a store associate at Tanglewood store. Also I will use the organizational data to determine the best methods for recruiting new staff. And finally I will develop various forms of recruitment messages to encourage individuals to apply for a new job position. â€Å"Recruitment is the process of attracting

Ethics - Paper 2. Utilitarianism Vs Universal Ethics. Facts

Ethics - Paper 2 Utilitarianism vs Universal Ethics Facts (150 words) The current issue involves Luke, an employee of company ABC (ABC), and his conflict between obligations to work and to family. Luke is responsible for developing land purchased by ABC to construct an adult entertainment retail store. The future building is located at the corner of the neighborhood near where Luke’s brother, Owen, lives. Being an insider, Luke knows that the presence of the business will diminish values of surrounding houses considerably. The company plans to announce this plan publicly a month from today. The damaging nature of this so-called news concerns Luke. To complicate the issue, Owen told him that he received an offer to sell his house recently†¦show more content†¦Utilitarians believe that whether an act is right or wrong depends only on the consequences it produces. An act that results in at least as much pleasure or well being as other alternative acts is right, and vice versa. In other words, any act that does not maximize pleasure is morally wrong. Even though utilitarian ethics often clashes with conventional norms, the conflict has no direct moral relevance to the action. Universal ethics, defined by Immanuel Kant, is an ethical theory that applies to rational beings. An act is morally right when the will is perfectly aligned with duty. That is, an action has to be motivated by duty to have moral worth. The responsibilities of duty are universal; they are instilled in all rational beings and apply to all people, in all possible situations. To understand Kantian ethics, we have to understand its formulation, the categorical imperative. The imperative is an order that follows from the command of reason that tells a rational beings what they must do. It cannot be opposed, refused, or modified. In this sense, the categorical imperative is different from hypothetical imperative, which is the if-then structure. Application (400 words) The most common use of utilitarianism is by way of consequentialist moral theory. Consequentialists believe that an act’s rightness and wrongness depends solely on its consequences and nothing else. An act is right when the algebraic sum of total utility unitShow MoreRelated Utilitarianism vs. Kantianism Essay1363 Words   |  6 PagesUtilitarianism vs. Kantianism Ethics can be defined as the conscious reflection on our moral beliefs with the aim of improving, extending or refining those beliefs in some way. (Dodds, Lecture 2) Kantian moral theory and Utilitarianism are two theories that attempt to answer the ethical nature of human beings. This paper will attempt to explain how and why Kantian moral theory and Utilitarianism differ as well as discuss why I believe Kants theory provides a more plausible account of ethicsRead MoreThe Moral Dispute Of John Stuart Mill And Immanuel Kant1500 Words   |  6 Pagespath rendering reward with heaven. Aristotle’s theory and argument will be explored further in this review along with the works of some of his successors. The Moral Dispute John Stuart Mill vs Immanuel Kant Philosopher John Stuart Mill’s theory highlights utilitarianism and Kantian theory would be the total opposite. Mill’s position links happiness with morality and focused solely on the outcomes of an action. Philosopher John Kant’s theory emphasizes the importance of rationalityRead MoreAssisted Suicide, Morally Wrong or Your Right?2852 Words   |  12 Pagespatient’s knowledge. (Nightinggale.com) In this paper we will explore the morality and ethics of assisted suicide by comparing and investigating the Utilitarian , Kantian and Egoism ethical perspective of assisted suicide or euthanasia. Utilitarian ethics is the theory that the starting point of ethics is the principal that everyone, humans and creatures alike, want to enjoy pleasures and avoid suffering. Starting from this principal ethics becomes a calculation of how to balance the greatestRead MoreThe Mill Vs. Kant : An Evaluation Of Their Approaches Towards Ethics1730 Words   |  7 Pages Mill vs. Kant: An Evaluation of their Approaches Towards Ethics John Stuart Mill and Emmanuel Kant both have very distinct ideals and principles. Though they were both philosophers within the same century, but their ideals did not align with each other. Mill focused more on overall happiness, while Kant focused more on the reasons people have for committing certain actions. This is important because it makes the validity of actions and their moral worth put in question. The problem being addressedRead MoreThe Moral Codes Of Conduct Essay3481 Words   |  14 Pagesproper (moral) or improper (immoral) (Morality, 2016). These moral codes or codes of conduct are derived by a person or group’s particular philosophy, religion or culture. It can also be a set of principles that a person or group believes should be universal. (Morality, 2016). Companies (as well as individuals) face the ethical challenge of how to engage and manage behavior that is deemed ethical; honest, fair and considered â€Å"good† for all stakeholders. For the in dividual, there is an element of self-managementRead MoreThe Legality, Morality, Social Responsibility of Paying College Athletes8736 Words   |  35 Pages12/021/2012 Title of Assignment: Term Paper – â€Å"Integrating Values – The Legality, Morality, and Social Responsibility of Paying College Athletes† CERTIFICATION OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully acknowledged and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any sources from which I used data, ideas or words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically forRead MoreHealthcare Is a Right, Not a Privilege4037 Words   |  16 PagesSweeney, 2006). If we view it from the different perspective the improvement of healthcare for the elderly may be observed in an effort to increase patronage, long term profitability and competitive advantage (Headley Miller, 1993). Purpose of the paper What constitutes as a right? Many claim that the natural rights of a human being are those that encompass complete autonomy for the individual including the negative rights of the human beings that cannot be ignored or discarded. Natural rights includeRead MoreSources of Ethics20199 Words   |  81 PagesOF ETHICS: 6 1- Religion: 6 2- Genetic Inheritance: 8 3- Philosophical Systems: 8 4- Cultural Experience: 8 5- The Legal System: 9 6- Codes of Conduct: 9 2.0- EXPLANATION OF THE SOURCES OF ETHICS: 10 2.1- RELIGION: 10 Teaching business ethics 12 2.11- Impact Of Religiosity: 13 2.12- Ethics Of Islam: 14 Nature of Islamic Ethics 17 The Human-Environment Relationship: 20 The Sustainable Care of Nature: 22 The Practice of Islamic Environmental Ethics: 22 Read MoreDefine the Manager Terrain28443 Words   |  114 PagesMGT B240 Unit 2 Defining the manager’s terrain 110 Course team (2009 version) Developer: Designer: Coordinator: Member: Dr Kenneth Chao, OUHK Delian Gaskell, OUHK Dr Alex Mak, OUHK Dr Peng Wei, OUHK Course team (previous version) Developer (original version): Adapter: Production ETPU Publishing Team Brian Barrett, OUHK Victor Haines, Consultant, OUHK Copyright  © The Open University of Hong Kong, 1990, 1994, 2002, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009. Revised April 2011. All rights reserved. NoRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pagestransmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States. This book is printed on recycled, acid-free paper containing 10% postconsumer waste. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 QDB/QDB 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 978-0-07-811257-7 MHID 0-07-811257-5 Vice President Editor-in-Chief: Brent Gordon Vice President, EDP/Central Publishing Services: Kimberly Meriwether-David Editorial Director: Paul Ducham Managing

Investigating the Impact of Climate Change on Dust Storms over Kuwait Free Essays

string(102) " the temperature in the summer by decreasing the maximum temperature by 5 Â °C on average due to dust\." Introduction Dust storms are more frequent in summertime in the Arabian Peninsula, and can be highly influential on the climate and the environment in the region. In this study, the influence of climate change in the Middle East and especially in Kuwait will be investigated by high-resolution (48, 12, and 4 km grid spacing) dynamic downscaling using the WRF (Weather Research Forecasting) model. The WRF dynamic downscaling will be forced by reanalysis using the National Centers for Environment Prediction (NCEP) model for the years 1997, 2000, and 2008. We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating the Impact of Climate Change on Dust Storms over Kuwait or any similar topic only for you Order Now The downscaling results will be first validated by comparing NCEP model outputs with the observational data. The global climate change dynamic downscaling model will be run using current WRF regional climate model (RCM) simulations (2006–2010) and WRF-RCM climate simulations of the future (2056–2060). They will be used to compare results between the present and the middle of the century. In general, the dominant features from (NCEP) runs are predicted to be consistent with each other, as well as with WRF-RCM results. The influence of climate change in the Middle East and Kuwait can be projected from the differences between the current and model future run. The average temperature showed a positive trend in the future, as in other studies. The temperature was predicted to increase by around 0.5-2.5 Â °C over the next 50 years. No significant change in mean sea level pressure patterns was projected. However, amongst other things, a change in the trend of the surface win d speeds was indicated during summertime..Climate change is perceived as a significant global and regional issue and hasbecome a significant concern in the Middle East, making it all the more important to investigate (Almazroui, et.al. 2012). The short rainy seasons and the long dry hot summer seasons put more stress on water resources. The matter of increasing or decreasing the summer dust season canmodify the radiation budget between earth and the atmosphere system; the aerosol can affect the incoming radiation by absorbing or scattering, and can change the outgoing terrestrial radiation(Almazroui, et.al. 2012).Therefore, this process may lead into changing the radiative balance, the increase of atmospheric albedo candecrease the percentage of radiation reaching the surface, which leads to cooling the surface (Almazroui,et.al. 2012). Background Since 1985, seawater temperature in Kuwait Bay, northern Persian Gulf, has increased on average 0.6 degrees Celsius per decade(Kulkarni, et.al. 2012).This is about three times faster than the global average rate reported by the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Differences are due to regional and local effects. Increased temperatures are having profound effects on key habitats and on power generation in the Persian Gulf (Kulkarni, et.al. 2012). Dust storms have large impacts across the Arabian Peninsula region. Because of the highest recorded frequency of dust, Kuwait is of great interest in the Arabian Peninsula. Dust has a huge impact on maximum temperatures in Kuwait, where it can decrease the 2 m temperature by as much as 5 Â °C. Dust storms in Kuwait also hasve a huge impacton daily temperatures in summertime. The atmospheric aerosol which mostly consists of dust particles can scatter and absorb radiation, which will affect the radiative impact (Kulkarni,et.al. 2012). The scattering and absorption process can alter the incoming and outgoing radiation. Scattering increases the atmospheric albedo, leading to decreasing in surface radiation, resulting in surface cooling (Kulkarni, et.al. 2012). Usually, during dust storm days, the maximum temperature is reduced by 3 to 5 Â °C in summertime. Global models can illustrate climate change globally, but it is difficult to perform or illustrate regional circulations (Rajendran,et.al. 2013). Therefore, this study will not only attempt to find out the impact of climate change on both the frequency and intensity of dust storms in Kuwait, but it will also analyzethe number and magnitude of dust storms in the future. Problem Statement A common synoptic system in the Arabian Peninsula during the summer is the intense pressure gradient, resulting from the Indian monsoon arising east of the Middle East and the East Mediterranean high pressure west of the region. This causes a strong northwesterly wind across the Arabian Peninsula which is known as the Shaman wind(Rajendran,et.al. 2013). Purpose of the Research The main purpose of this research is to find the impact of climate change on the dust storms in Kuwait. The research aim is to find whether the number and magnitude of dust storms will increase or decrease in the future. Moreover, this research also aims to investigate the changes in the number of dust storm days in future summer seasons. Research Questions Considering the aim of this study, the follwing research questions are designed. These research questions are designed to spefically adress the current issues associated with the climate change in Kuwait. What is the impact of climate change on both the frequency and intensity of dust storms in Kuwait? Whether the number and magnitude of dust storms will increase or decrease in the future? Significance of the Research The increasing importance of understanding dust and its role in the Earth’s climate is driving new research and analysis of past data. Dust storms are becoming more frequent in some parts of the world, transporting prodigious quantities of material over very long distances, affecting human health, coral reefs and climate change (Kulkarni, et.al. 2012). Being able to predict the production of dust in the future is critical to the climate, environment, and human health. It is very important to investigate whether the number and magnitude of dust storms will increase or decrease in the future, as it will provide an idea of how the Earth’s ecosystem will change. Literature review Middle East and the Arabian Peninsula Climate Much of the summer season in the Arabian Peninsula consists of a period of high diurnal temperature variation and hazy weather. The strong pressure gradient which is usually developed in June and July in the Arabian Peninsula creates a strong wind that results in dust storms (Marcella,et.al.2012). The strong Shamal wind tends to ease the temperature in the summer by decreasing the maximum temperature by 5 Â °C on average due to dust. You read "Investigating the Impact of Climate Change on Dust Storms over Kuwait" in category "Essay examples" In other cases, the Shamal wind can be caused by a dry cold front in the Arabian Peninsula, which further reduces the maximum temperature in the area. By mid-July the strong pressure gradient in the area weakens considerably, leading to periods of light northwesterly winds. When there is a lack of a pressure gradient, the Shamal winds become weak, and its direction shifts to easterly to southeasterly in the afternoon due to the sea breeze effect near the coastal area in Kuwait. The thermal low that usually develops over Iraq causes the weak pressure gradient near Kuwait and the eastern region of Saudi Arabia (Rajendran,et.al.2013). Global Climate Modeling Global climate models (GCMs) have the ability to simulate large scale global circulation for the atmosphere and the ocean. The GCMsare used worldwide by scientist to study different climate variables in different regions to investigate climate change. Global climate models can simulate possible future climates model, and can compute several simulations with various greenhouse gas emissions (Graff LaCasce, 2012). Wind Speed Scientists investigated the changes in mean wind speed globally and in different regions in the past, present, and future. Declining wind speeds in middle and lower latitudes are critical to the prediction of future global wind speed changes (Karnauskas,et.al.2009). However, it is significant to understand how climate change can influence wind speed and direction, because they are controlled by atmospheric circulation patterns, which have been indicated by many studies to change globally. In most studies that are based on climate change, results showed that wind speed has changed over the past and will continue to change in future, but it varies between regions and seasons. In the future, some regions may experience an increase in wind speed while some other regions may experience a decrease. Investigating increase or decrease of wind speed regionally will provide a future look in terms of dust storms expansion or shrinking in the Arabian Peninsula (Gillett,et.al. 2003). Temperature Changes in extreme temperatures over a long time period were analysed by Yan,et.al (2002). They determined that not only low temperatures have been decreasing and high temperatures have been increasing during the last decades, but also that there have been earlier changes in these extremes. A high increase in temperature took place between 1910 and 1945 and from 1970 to the present, when the temperature increased by 0.16 Â °C and 0.17 Â °C per decade, respectively, which is about three times more than the increase during the past century(Yan,et.al.2002). This has been a major cause for concerns for public heatlh as fluctuation in the environment temperautre increase global warming. This may increase air pollution, and thus thr risk of air borne diseases. Regional Climate Modeling Climate scientists around the world are investigating climate change by using the downscaling model to ensure higher resolution for more enhanced results (Bichet,et.al.2012). The higher resolution model or the regional climate model that have been downscaled from the global climate model provide a better picture over complex terrain, land-water contrast, regional variations in land use, and regional circulation (Catalano Moeng, 2010). The regional climate model is becoming the tool of preference in their research. Regional climate model simulations for regions similar to the Arabian Peninsula are few.Focusing on the eastern region where Kuwait is located, the model simulation shows a decrease in surface wind speed in both scenarios. Wind speeds are the main cause for dust storms in the region, so a decrease of wind speed in the future should lead to a decrease in dust storms in Kuwait and the Arabian Peninsula (Chu,et.al.2013). Methodology Research Design The research design in this research shall be based on the secondary data and this is the reason that the following research study is based on qualitative eesearch design and therefore, the proposed study will be exploratory in nature. Data are to be collected and information wwill be gathered by using a number of secondary sources, such as the media, publications and literature. By considering goals of the present study, Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) will be analyzed as a modelin order to find the impact of climate change on both the frequency and intensity of dust storms in Kuwait and whether the number and magnitude of dust storms will increase or decrease in the future.As a sample size, GCM will be used to provide lateral forcing for WRF runs for two five-year time periods in which first five years run will be in 2006-2010 and second five years run will be in 2056-2060.The purpose is to investigate the frequency of dust storms comparing the present simulations with futur e simulations. Since the WRF does not simulate dust storms directly, the research will focus on identifying regional conditions conducive to dust storms and analyze the change in frequency of these synoptic conditions under a selected climate scenario. Ethical Considerations Ethical considerations will be prioritised to first place during this research and all the primary and secondary sources of data will be collected in accordance with the privacy policies. The research analysis and findings will be incorporated at the end and they will be entirely based on the observation of the researcher, and the analyis of data will be made. Conclusion The main of this project is to investigate the effect of climate changes in dust storms in Kuwait. These aims were targeded with the view to creating an awarness in regards to possible detrimental effects that can be induced by such changes. It is predicted that knowing the effectsof such changes will also help to predict whether the number and magnitude of dust storms will increase or decrease in the future. Since dust storms frequently hit Kuwait, it may affect human health and coral reefs, as well as have direct association with climate change in Kuwait. Wind speeds are the main cause for dust storms in the region, so a decrease of wind speed in the future should lead to a decrease in dust storms in Kuwait and the Arabian Peninsula (Chu,et.al.2013). REFERENCES Almazroui, M., M.N. Islam, and H. Athar, 2012: Recent climate change in the Arabian Peninsula: annual rainfall and temperature analysis of Saudi Arabia for 1978-2009, International Journal of Climatology, vol. 32, pp. 953-966. Bichet, A., M. Wild, D. Folini, and C. Schar, 2012: Causes for decadal variations of wind speed over land: Sensitivity. Geophysical Research Letters, vol.39, no. 11, pp.1107-1111. Catalano, F. and C.H. Moeng, 2010: Large-eddy simulation of the daytime boundary layer in an idealized valley using the Weather Research and Forecasting numerical model. Bound.-Layer Meteor, vol. 137, pp. 49–75. Chu, C., X. Yang, X. Ren, and T. Zhou, 2013: Response of Northern Hemispheric storm tracks to Indian-western Pacific Ocean warming in atmospheric general circulation models, ClimDyn, vol. 40, pp.1057-1070. Gillett, N. P., F.W. Zwiers, A.J. Weaver, and P. A. Stott, 2003: Detection of human influence on sea-level pressure. Nature, vol. 422, no. 292-294. Graff, L. S, J. H. LaCasce, 2012: Changes in the extratropical storm tracks in response to changes in SST in an AGCM. J. Climate, vol. 25, pp. 1854–1870. Karnauskas, K.B., R. Seager, A. Kaplan, Y. Kushnir, and M.A. Cane, 2009: Observed strengthening of the zonal sea surface temperature gradient across the equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Climate, vol. 22, no.16, pp. 4316–4321. Kulkarni, A., 2012: Weakening of Indian summer monsoon rainfall in warming environment, TheorApplClimatol, vol109, pp.447–459. Marcella, Marc P., Elfatih A. B. Eltahir, 2012: Modeling the summertime climate of Southwest Asia: The role of land surface processes in shaping the climate of semiarid regions. J. Climate, vol. 25, pp. 704–719. Rajendran,K., S. Sajani, C. B. Jayasankar and A. Kitoh, 2013: How depended is climate change projection of Indian summer monsoon rainfall and extreme events on model resolution?. Current Science,Vol. 104, no.10, pp. 1409-1418. Zhang, Y., V. Duliere, P. W. Mote, and E. P. Salathe, 2009: Evaluation of WRF and HadRMmesoscale climate simulations over the U.S. Pacific Northwest. J. Climate, vol. 22, no. 5511–5526. How to cite Investigating the Impact of Climate Change on Dust Storms over Kuwait, Essay examples

Sap for Atlam free essay sample

The conversation between Zulkifli and Sani, the Project Manager; Gopal, the User Project Manager; Lim, User Representative; and Kamal, the Functional Analyst has come to the several issues to be considered. Most of the issues arise are from Lim such as SAP is more suitable for manufacturing industry not education industry. Other issue is ATLAM is lack of equipment and facilities. According to Lim, the department does not have enough personal computers and if they have they do not have enough space available for the personal computer in their department. Time constraint also one of the issue arise in the conversation. The management had decided to schedule the phases of proposed SAP on 1st of April 2002. They are now on third week of January. The time needed for implementing the new system usually takes number of months to be implemented. Lim also raises the issue of the resistance of staff to change to the new system. When people are more comfortable with some technology, they are likely to oppose changes. The reason of the resistance of staff perhaps because of fear the unknown and the uncertainty accompanying change such as losing their job and failure. The other issue is costs of implementing the SAP system that can be consider as higher than the accounting package, ACCPAC. It consists of the annual license fee, training costs, customization work and hardware. The cost-benefit analysis has been done to ensure that the benefits of implementing SAP will be higher than ACCPAC. Analysis of the issues Zulkifli had decided to perform a feasibility study or business case which is prepared during the systems analysis. There are five important aspects to be considered during a feasibility study that consist of economic feasibility, echnical feasibility, legal feasibility, scheduling feasibility and operational feasibility. Economic feasibility is defined as the dimension of feasibility concerned with whether the benefits of a proposed system will exceed the costs. This is proved by calculating the after-tax cash flow from Year 1 to Year 6. From the calculation, the benefits of the SAP system exceed the costs to implement it. The net savings from Year 1 to Year 5 is increasing and start to decline in the Year 6 because of the increasing in the saving and costs. Technical feasibility concerned on the development of the proposed system given the available technology. The SAP systems can possibly be implemented in ATLAM because of it is PETRA’s group-wide system and it had in-house support from SBS team of PETRA group. On the other hand, legal feasibility determines if there will be any conflicts between the system under consideration and the organisation’s ability to discharge its legal obligations. The implementation of SAP system in the management of ATLAM complies with the regulation sets by the management and it also supported with the PETRA group system. Scheduling feasibility only concerned on time taken to develop and the implementation of the proposed system in time allotted. There are two techniques for scheduling and monitoring systems development activities which are PERT (program evaluation and review techniques) and Gantt chart. In this case study, Gantt chart is used to determine the time taken to implement the SAP system. Gantt chart is a bar chart with project activities listed on the left-hand side and units of time which is days or weeks across the top. From the analysis done, SAP system cannot be implement in time allotted which on 1st April 2002. The SAP system needs approximately 8 months to be implemented in the ATLAM’s system. The last feasibility study is the operational feasibility which defined as feasibility that concerned with whether a proposed system will be used by the people in an organization and how useful the system will be within the operating environment of the organization. At the first of the discussion about the implementation of SAP system, the user representative seems to be unhappy with that implementation. He raises the issues and problems if the management wants to implement the system. All the various feasibility measures are used to narrow the list of the alternatives. This techniques used in the capital budgeting model that consists of net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and payback period. Net present value (NPV) is the estimation of the future cash flows that are discounted back to the present using a discount rate that reflects the time value of money. The initial outlay costs or capital expenditures are deducted from the discounted cash flows to obtain the NPV. The initial outlay of SAP system consists of cost of training, hardware, initial software license and cost of customization work that approximately to RM5 million and its discount rate is 10%. From the analysis, SAP system has the positive and higher NPV of RM3. 2 million that indicates that the system is economically feasible. Internal rate of return (IRR) is the effective rate that results in an NPV of zero. The calculation of IRR is using trial and error method using two different rates to get the net cash flows. In this case, rate of 24% and 28% is used. The IRR of the SAP system is about 26% and it quite high. The payback period is defined as the number of years required for the net savings to equal the initial cost of the investment. It required approximately 4 years to the initial outlay of the implementation of SAP system to be covered with the net savings. As discussed in the scheduling feasibility, Gantt chart is used to determine timely and successful implementation. There are several tasks involved in the implementation of SAP system such as perform feasibility study, organize implementing team, prepare system support procedures, develop conversion plan and testing plan, prepare program specification, revise system documentation and perform programming tasks. The implementing team can be consists of the several person who has capabilities in the specific department such as finance and account department, IT department and user representative. The team should develop the conversion and testing plan of the SAP system. These tasks take about one month to be completed. After programming task is perform, system are test and system support procedures is install and acceptance test is done. The team should conduct the pilot study of the proposed new system. It is to gather the earlier information about the system so that the weaknesses of the system can be corrected. The user manual can be prepared and training program for the staff can be conducted. The last task of the implementation is the conversion of the system. The conversion includes the data backup. When people are more comfortable with something, they are reluctant to change to the new environment. Individual’s views of change as good or bad will usually depend on how they are personally affected by it. The reason why they resist changing is because of the bad experience with prior changes, a lack of top-management support and communication about the changes. These behavioral problems can be overcome with the several ways. The behavioral problems can be overcome by keep communication lines open. Managers and users should be fully informed of system changes as soon as possible. They should be told what and why changes are being made and they should be shown how the new system will benefit them. This open communication helps prevent damaging and inaccurate rumors and misunderstandings. Other than that, organization also can maintain a safe and open atmosphere to ensure that people who are affected by the system development can have an attitude of trust and cooperation. The organisation also should provide assurances that no major job losses or responsibility shifts will occur. It is lessen the intensity of fear or to calm the employees to not worry about the changes. In addition, the top-management must ensure that users understand the system. If the users are confused or do not understand the system, effective use or support to change the system cannot be obtained. It is also the responsibility of the system developers to describe and emphasize new challenges and opportunities that can be performed with the new system. This may provide job satisfaction among the employees and users. Furthermore, the system should be presented to the users in the proper context to capture the interest of the users. The system also should be properly tested prior to implementation to minimize or avoid the initial bad impressions. Conclusion There is an issue about the finance manager who wants to eliminate or terminate the user representative from the project team. The decision to terminate the user representative, Lim is not the right thing for the finance manager, Zulkifli because from Lim’s arguments, it shows that Lim is an individual who has a lot of experience inside him. All of his arguments are supported with the facts and experiences. Moreover, sometimes people need the criticism to improve oneself. It is because others can see one’s weaknesses than the individual himself. As a user representative, he knows what other users needs and wants. The actions of Lim to make arguments are for the best interest of the company and its employees. Zulkifli should see all the inputs from Lim is beneficial to improve the operation of the company. The analysis done on the implementation of SAP system shows that the main issues can be encounter by performing all the feasibility study and cost-benefits analysis. Most of the main issues are the examples of the staff resistance to change that can be overcome by the several ways discussed before.